1. Nation Building and Economic Transformation in America
Chapter 23
Nation Building and Economic Transformation in America
Maddie Ravelo
Period 3

2. 19th century witnessed enormous political changes in western hemisphere
The nations here were basically newly independent
Tried to copy Europe and catch up with them because of the rapid economic progress

3. Railroads Became a major part of many societies
From Argentina to Canada the governments sought to support railroad development
They were important because of the growth of exports and political and cultural integration

4. Western Hemisphere witnessed radical political and social changes
Regions nations achieved independence by 1825
Independence brought good and bad
Foreign interventions , threats to sovereignty, regionalism and civil war were some examples of the negatives

5. -In Latin America and the Spanish South they experienced a revolution -Works of the Enlightenment circulated in Latin America inspiring the people to follow the political example of American and French Revolutions -Simon Bolivar was a military leader who lead the people to independence in Spanish South America

6. There was also a problem of order during this time
Had trouble establishing stable political institutions
Although each country tried to organize a fair government most led to conflict , regionalism and military uprisings
Confederation of 1867 was the negotiated union of formally separated colonial governments

7. There were many successful patriot leaders during this time
Included people of both the United States and Latin America
Andrew Jackson-7th president of the united states and looked to as a major leader during this time in the U.S
Jose Antonio Paez- Venezuelan soldier and politician who was a leader in the countries independent movement

8. In the 19th century wars often determined national borders
Many countries faced rivalries and struggles
The united states, England, Spain, Latin American nations all fought wars between each other
Benito Juarez was the man who helped Mexico by moving into presidency and defeating the conservatives

9. The United States had both diplomacy and military action shape relations between the people in the country
With the newly found independence colonials power role as mediator and protector of native people ended
Civil war also disrupted the Indians trade

10. In Argentina the government used military force to crush native resistance
Thousands of Amerindians were killed
In Mexico political divisions and civil wars provided native people opportunity to rebel
Caste War was when the Maya rebelled in 1847 it was well organized and a popular uprising

11. Men and women tried to abolish slavery in the United States
Many strong antislavery sentiments were expressed during struggles for independence
Revolutionary leaders felt as if slavery was against what they believed in
Abolitionists were men and women who wanted to outlaw slavery

12. The American culture was thriving
Despite the discrimination immigrants streamed into the western hemisphere
Introduced new languages, technologies and working customs
Acculturation was the modification of the language, customs, values and behaviors of a group as a result of contact with other people from another culture

13. Throughout history women have continued to have struggles in society
Even if they abolished slavery it did not stop racial immigration or the discrimination against women
A group of women arranged a meeting to discuss the rights of all women which was called the Womens Rights Convention

14. The economy of the Atlantic experienced three periods of economic contraction
Economic expansion had growth in this period of time
In the 19th century United states was the only western nation to industrialize
Every other government promoted new economic activities
Invested in roads, railroads, canals and telegraphs

15. Many countries prospered in natural resources which boosted their economy
Others had high demand in copper, zinc, lead and coal which was unleashed by the Industrial Revolution
New technology accelerated economic integration
Growing interdependence produced deep structural differences among the economies

16. There were two economic tracks you could choose from:
Development which led to industrialization and prosperity
Underdevelopment which dependence on low wage industries exporting raw materials

17. During this time in history it is important to understand the troubles nations went though to become successful
Many went through wars and government problems
Women and slaves had to fight for their own rights and freedom
Industrialization, growth and independence were the key factors to success in all the economies of the western hemisphere