4. Oct 4 th, 1957: USSR launches Sputnik 1 Oct 4 th, 1957: USSR launches Sputnik 1 Sets precedence for advancement in science and technology Sets precedence for advancement in science and technology USA forms Advanced Research Programs Agency (ARPA) USA forms Advanced Research Programs Agency (ARPA) Later named Defense ARPA (DARPA) Later named Defense ARPA (DARPA)

5. J.C.R. Licklider: The Visionary MIT Researcher who envisioned a “Galactic Network” MIT Researcher who envisioned a “Galactic Network” Globally interconnected set of computers Globally interconnected set of computers Everyone could quickly access data and programs from any site Everyone could quickly access data and programs from any site October of 1962, became 1 st head of Computer Research at DARPA October of 1962, became 1 st head of Computer Research at DARPA

6. "Packet switching is the breaking down of data into datagrams or packets that are labeled to indicate the origin and the destination of the information and the forwarding of these packets from one computer to another computer until the information arrives at its final destination computer. This was crucial to the realization of a computer network. If packets are lost at any given point, the message can be resent by the originator." Paul Baran of RAND Corporation

7. APRANET Structure MIT (Leonard Kleinrock) 1 st node on ARPANET 1969: UCLA (BBN) Installed 1 st Interface Message Processor (IMP) creating 1 st host computer on ARPANET 1969: SRI – Elizabeth Feinler provided second host to ARPANET. 1 st host to host message was sent from UCLA to SRI, successfuly UCSB – Glenn Culler & Burton Fried was third host added and dealt with refresh rate over the net University of Utah – Robert Taylor & Ivan Sutherland was the 4 th host added to ARPANET. They focused on 3-D representation over the net.