1. Culture

2. Recall: We are social beings We live in groups We interact with each other in groups Groups have an impact on us

3. Culture Culture is everything that is learned and shared by members of a social group. This includes the values or ideas about what is important to the people in the group.

4. CULTURE- Learned Shared Passed on FOLKWAYS manners BELIEFS ideas NORMS behaviour LAWS rules MORES Formal behaviour VALUES what is good/bad

5. Suppose You were asked to pack a suitcase with items that best describe your culture, what would you include???? Clothes Music Pictures Games Etc The contents of your suitcase would reveal your cultural baggage

6. Culture Material Things that are created by humans Buildings Autos Computers Non-material Behaviours Symbols Attitudes Values of the culture

9. Causes of Cultural Variation 1)Environment / Geography 2)Invention and Discovery 3)Isolation or Integration 4)Basic Values / Goals

10. Environment / Geography The area in which a group of people live will determine, to some extent the type of culture they develop.  Climate: type and style of clothing, physical features  Natural Resources: development of economic base, housing styles  Topography: settlement patterns

11. Invention and Discovery One group of people will not necessarily invent or discover the same things as another group; or they may use the same discovery but in unique ways.  Europeans had advantages in warfare over the First Nations due to the discovery of gunpowder  Central American First Nations discovered the wheel but only used it on toys.  Charter of Rights and Freedoms

12. Isolation or Integration A culture may develop without interacting with other cultures, it may develop in isolation and will therefore develop in a different way than other cultures.  Certain tribal cultures, Mennonites, Amish  Cultural Diffusion- when one culture is spread from one location to another ie: American Culture of TV, Internet, tea (orginally from China), globalization, Disney in Japan

13. Basic Values / Goals Those things which are considered worthwhile and good to any group of people are that group’s basic values.  North America—technology is progress  First Nations---harmony with the land  Canadian-equality and fairness in a democratic society  Japan---work ethic

14. Culture Terms Cultural relativism is the belief that it is important to respect the diversity of other cultures; behaviours and customs of any culture must be viewed and analyzed by the culture’s own standards. Ethnocentrism is the belief that one’s culture is standard and thus, superior to others.

16. Culture Terms Multiculturalism is the practice of maintaining the unique characteristics of each cultural group in a society that includes one or more different cultures. New ideas and art forms are among the benefits of a multicultural society. Being exposed to different cultures can enrich the lives of individuals and benefit society as a whole.

17. Cultural Terms Subcultures are a group of people that share certain values and beliefs with the larger culture, but have characteristics that members share only with each other. oFirst Nations oAcadians oMilitary oTeenagers

18. Culture Terms Acculturation is the process by which members of subordinate racial and ethnic groups become absorbed into the dominant culture (Also known as cultural assimilation). The members of an ethnic group adopt the dominant group traits, such as language, dress, values, religion and food preferences.  “melting pot”