1. GEOGRAPHY How can we describe our world?

2. THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY 1. Location: where places are located on the earth’s surface. 2. Place: Physical and human characteristics of places. 3. Relationships: interaction of people and environment 4. Movement: movement and interaction of people. 5. Regions: areas with similar characteristics.

3. WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY? Geography is the study of the earth’s surface. It looks at the following: Geography is the study of the earth’s surface. It looks at the following: Physical features: naturally occurring- mountains, rivers, etc. Physical features: naturally occurring- mountains, rivers, etc. Cultural features: created by people- towns, roads, etc. Cultural features: created by people- towns, roads, etc. Environment: everything that surrounds us. Environment: everything that surrounds us.

4. LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION Absolute Location: The EXACT spot on the earth’s surface where a place is found. Absolute Location: The EXACT spot on the earth’s surface where a place is found. Relative Location: refers to where something is located in relation to something else. Relative Location: refers to where something is located in relation to something else. Cardinal Directions: North, South, East, and West Cardinal Directions: North, South, East, and West Intermediate Directions: Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest. Intermediate Directions: Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest.

5. LATITUDE Lines that measure direction north and south from the equator. Lines that measure direction north and south from the equator. Equator: imaginary line that circles the world at its widest part. It creates the north and south hemispheres. Equator: imaginary line that circles the world at its widest part. It creates the north and south hemispheres. Axis: imaginary line around which the earth rotates. Axis: imaginary line around which the earth rotates. Hemispheres: any half of the earth Hemispheres: any half of the earth Parallels: a name for the lines of latitude. Parallels: a name for the lines of latitude.

6. LONGITUDE Measures location east and west. Measures location east and west. Meridians: A name for the lines of longitude. Meridians: A name for the lines of longitude. Prime meridian: the beginning point for where longitude is measured. Prime meridian: the beginning point for where longitude is measured. International dateline: The beginning point for counting time. International dateline: The beginning point for counting time. Time zones: there are six in the U.S. and 24 in the world. Time zones: there are six in the U.S. and 24 in the world. Georgia is in the Eastern Standard time zone. Georgia is in the Eastern Standard time zone.

7. MAPS Physical Relief Map Physical Relief Map Political Map Political Map Highway Map Highway Map Thematic (Data) Map Thematic (Data) Map

8. PARTS OF A MAP Title Title Grid Grid Scale Scale Legend/Key Legend/Key Direction Direction

9. Regions Geographic regions: identification based on physical or cultural features. Geographic regions: identification based on physical or cultural features. Examples: Hemispheres, time zones, continents, south, west, east Midwest, deep south, sunbelt, etc. Examples: Hemispheres, time zones, continents, south, west, east Midwest, deep south, sunbelt, etc.

10. POLITICAL REGIONS An area of land with boundaries and a government( country, state, county, city, school districts). An area of land with boundaries and a government( country, state, county, city, school districts).

11. POPULATION REGIONS Population density: how many people per square mile. Population density: how many people per square mile. Urban: more than 2,500 population Urban: more than 2,500 population Rural: less than 2,500 people Rural: less than 2,500 people Suburban: heavily populated area around a city. Suburban: heavily populated area around a city. Metropolitan statistical area: a large city and the large populated area around it---several counties perhaps. Metropolitan statistical area: a large city and the large populated area around it---several counties perhaps.

12. QUESTIONS 1. What is the study of the earth called? 2. What direction does latitude measure? 3. What are the lines of longitude called? 4. What hemispheres is Georgia part of? 5. What are the cardinal directions? 6. What time zone is Georgia in? 7. What type of map shows us boundaries? 8. What is the populated area around a city called? 9. What are parallels? 10. What is the starting point for counting time?